The Oto Sioux Hopewell Norton Burial Mounds in Grand Rapids, Michigan

Dating as early as 400 B.C. the Norton Mounds are a northern extension of the Oto Sioux Hopewell burial mounds and earthworks that are found throughout Indiana extending to the Ohio River.  Despite their Sioux origins the politically correct libs have handed over the Sioux artifacts and skeletal remains to Algonquin Indians who only lived in the region in historic times.

    This is also the case in downtown Grand Rapids where the Converse mound group was located before being destroyed for fill dirt by the city.  A reproduction of the Hopewell Sioux burial mounds was constructed near the site. Unfortunately, these mounds don't recognize their original builders, but have opted for the politically correct assignment to the Algonquins who have no history of being mound builders.

One of the eleven Hopewell burial mounds at the Norton site.  It's been a few years but on my last visit there was evidence of university archaeologist graverobbers digging in and around the burial mounds.  The University of Michigan has been the number one destroyer of burial mounds in the 20th century. 

Several of the Hopewell Sioux mounds are grouped close enough together to get two in on photograph. In Indiana archaeologists have admitted that the burial mounds were of Oto Sioux Hopewell origins but have not empied their vast shelves of artifacts and skeletal remains and returned them.  Maybe Indiana and Michigan academics will eventually do the right thing and return all the skeletal remains and artifacts they have looted from Native American burial mounds and return them to their legitimate ancestors. 

Mysterious Oneota Sioux Ancient Garden Beds of Southern Michigan nd Northern Indiana

 Mysterious Oneota Sioux Ancient Garden Beds of Southern Michigan and Northern Indiana

In Northwestern and Southwestern Indiana, the cultural influence is from the west and associated with the Oneota Sioux. Wilbur Cunningham reported in “A Study of the Glacial Kame Culture” in 1948, “Equally significant was the discovery of the presence of Oneota and Fisher Focus in the southwest corner of Michigan and the north-central part of Indiana.”  

Were the garden beds for agriculture or park-like places of peace and tranquility?

The Pioneer Society of Michigan, Annual Meeting of 1877

Ancient Garden Beds of Michigan by Bela Hubbard. "Garden Beds" were found in the valleys of the St. Joseph and Grand Rivers, where they occupied the most fertile of the prairie land and burr-oak plains, principally in the counties of St. Joseph, Cass and Kalamazoo.

They consist of raised patches of ground, separated by sunken paths, and were generally arranged in plats or blocks of parallel beds. These varied in dimension, being from five to sixteen feet in width, in length from twelve to more than one hundred feet, and in height six to eighteen inches.

The tough sod of the prairie had preserved very sharply all the outlines. According to the universal testimony, these beds were laid out and fashioned with a skill, order and symmetry which distinguished them from the ordinary operations of agriculture, and were combined with some peculiar features that belong to no recognized system of horticultural art...

Archaeology of the United States by Samual Haven 1855

There are two other classes of remains whose origins are involved in equal obscurity- the emblematic earthworks of Wisconsin, and the so called "Garden Beds" found in the same state, and also in Michigan and Indiana. The last have hitherto been but incidentally noticed in this paper.

Discover the burial mounds and earthworks in Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia and Kentucky

 Visiting the Cass County, Michigan Giant's Burial Mound

Giant skeletons have been found mainly in the southern parts of Michigan. One group of burial mounds in Michigan may be oldest in the Midwest, dating as early as 3,500 B.C. www.nephilimgiants.net : Maritime Archaic Burial Mounds in Newaygo County, Michigan Could Date as Early as 2,500 B.C.

History of Cass County, Michigan, 1882

   The largest mounds in the county are those upon the farm of Joseph Walter. Three beautiful and regular mounds occur here, situated in a line from east to west. A short distance south of them is a well-defined ditch which forms a perfect horseshoe, measuring from one hundred and six feet in length by one hundred feet in width. There is no trace of embankment in connection with the excavations. For what purpose the horseshoe-shaped enclosure was made by ancient people can, of course, only be conjectured. There is no probability, however, that it was designed, as so many suppose it to have been for work of defense.

   One of the three large mounds, which have been mentioned, was excavated in September 1878, by Dr. E.J. Bonine, of Niles, who operated under the auspices of the Smithsonian Institution. It was a mound as about thirteen feet high (Originally it must have been of greater altitude), and the diameter of its base was about fifty feet. On the summit of the mound, within the memories of settlers, stood a burr oak tree four feet in diameter, and probably three hundred years old. A shaft was sunk by the excavators into the center of the mounds that was found to be to composed throughout of the same soil as that of the surrounding plain – a rich black loam. Almost invariably the human remains found under the mounds rest upon the natural surfaces of the earth, the mounds simply being heaped over them, but in this case the internment was several feet below the original level. Several skeletons were found, being those of men, women and children, a number of fragments of pottery, a curious bone or ivory ornament, bearing some resemblance to a walrus tooth, several amulets pierced with holes, through which thongs had doubtless once been placed to attach them to the person, several bone implements and five copper hatchets of fine edge and good formation. Portions of the skeletons were in a good state of preservation. The femur, or thighbone, of one of the males, which Dr. Bonine has now in his possession, is of great size and indicates that its owner must have been at least seven feet in height.

Ancient Giant Humans with Double Rows of Teeth Described in Ohio, New York, Masschusetts, Virginia and Michigan

 

Ancient Giant Humans with Double Rows of Teeth Described in Ohio, New York, Massachusetts, Virginia and Michigan

There are many accounts of giant skeletons with double rows of teeth. Most of these were discovered in the Ohio Valley burial mounds. Here is a link to a map that will show both the giants with double rows of teeth and those with horns.  www.nephilimgiants.net : Map of Giant Neanderthal Hybrids with Double Rows of Teeth and Horns

 “The History of Cedar Neck, Massachusetts” writes about a skeleton found on Hines Point:

“Some 15 years ago George Hillman dug up the skeleton of an Indian giant in almost perfect preservation; the bones indicated a man easily six feet and a half, possibly seven feet, high. Doctor Butler, himself a large man, said that the femur bone was a full two inches longer than his. A singular feature was a complete double row of teeth on both upper and lower jaws. After all the bones were removed, the place was carefully dug over, but no implements were found.”

Ironton Register, 1892 

     Where Proctorville now stands was one day part of a well paved city, but I think the greater part of it is now in the Ohio River. Only a few mounds, there; one of which was near the C. Wilgus mansion and contained a skeleton of a very large person, all double teeth, and sound, in a jaw bone that would go over the jaw with the flesh on, of a large man; the common burying ground was well filled with skeletons at a depth of about 6 feet. Part of the pavement was of boulder stone and part of well preserved brick.

History of Medina County Ohio 1881

      In digging the cellar of the house, nine human skeletons were found, and like such specimens from other ancient mounds of the country. They showed that the mound builders were men of large stature.

   The skeletons were not found lying in such a manner as would indicate any arrangement of the bodies on the part of entombers. In describing the tomb, Mr. Albert Harris said: “It looked as if the bodies had been dumped into a ditch. Some were buried deeper than others,, the lower one being about seven feet below the surface. When the skeletons were found, Mr. Harris was twenty years of age, yet he states that he could put one of the skulls over his head, and let it rest upon his shoulders while wearing a fur cap at the same time. The large size of all the bones was remarked, and the teeth were described as “double all the way around.” 

Historical Collections of Virginia 1845

      On the Wappatomaka have been found numerous Indian relics, among which was a highly finished pipe, representing a snake coiled around the bowl. There was also discovered the under jawbone of a human being (says Keucheval) of great size, which contained eight jaw teeth in each side, of enormous size; and what is more remarkable the teeth stood transversely in the jawbone. It would pass over any man’s face with entire ease.

Perforated Skulls from Michigan, American Antiquarian Vol.,xii, no.,1, Jan. 1890

      Within the past year Mr. Isaac M. Bates, of Detroit, has made an interesting discovery, and has, at my request, supplied me with the facts, which are presented below. Within the city limits of Detroit, is an old Indian burial place. At one time or another, remains of some forty individuals have been discovered in various excavations made for building purposes, sewers, etc. A variety of relics have also been found hard copper knives, beads, awls, axes, copper kettles, bone fishhooks, needles, stone axes, celts, flint arrow and spear heads, pipes, etc...

Mr. Bates and two friends made an excavation in a vacant lot located within the area of this old cemetery. They came upon a curious and interesting burial spot. At a depth of two feet, five skulls were found, lying in a circle, facing the center. Within this circle were ashes and charcoal, --evidence of fire; but the bones were not all burned...

Of these five skulls three were perforated and perforated not with a single hole like those found by Mr. Crillman, but with three like the one from Saginaw to which he refers in the passage quoted. The three holes are drilled directly on top of the skull, are arranged in the form of a triangle and are a half an inch or so apart. In diameter, they range from one third to one-half inch. The two unperforated skulls are smaller and more delicate than these three and were evidently skulls of young persons or females. On the perforated skulls two had “double teeth” in front. Mr. Bates says the third may have had also. (He is no longer in Detroit and some uncertainty exists in the matter.) The dentition of the other two skulls is normal...

Ancient Burial Mound and its Contents, Hardin County, Ohio, John B. Matson. M.D. to Judge John Barr, Cleveland, December 10, 1869

      Dear Sir, --In the fall of 1856, in Hardin County, Ohio, near the Bellefontaine and Indiana Railway, between Mt. Victory and Ridgeway, I commenced removing a gravel bank for the purpose of ballasting a part of the above-named railroad. I learned shortly after my arrival there, that the bank was an ancient burial ground. This information caused me to examine the ground and note discoveries.

...The mound covered an area of one and a half acres; being covered with an orchard of apple trees, then in bearing...The mound was what I would call double; the larger and higher part to the west. About two-thirds of the mound was embraced in this part. The eastern part, presenting the appearance of a smaller hill having been pressed against the other, leaving a depression between them of three or four feet, below the highest point of the smaller and five or six feet below a corresponding point of the larger.

...On the north side of the eastern portion, under an oak tree stump (150 years old by growths) was the remains of the largest human bones I have ever seen. The joints of the vertebra seemed as large as those of a horse... I found in this part of the mound the remains of at least fifty children, under the age of eight years; some with two, others with four incisors; some with eight, and others with no teeth.

History of Jefferson County, N.Y., 1878

     On the farm of Jacob Heath, on lot 25, near the west line of Rodman, and on the north bank of North Sandy Creek, a short distance above the confluence of the two main branches of that stream, there formerly existed an enclosure of the same class. It included about three acres... Under the roots of a large maple was dug up the bones of a man of great stature and furnished with entire rows of double teeth.

Discover the Secrets of the Nephilim Giants

 

Grand Rapids, Kent County, Michigan Oto Sioux Burial Mounds

Reconstructed Hopewell burial mounds in downtown Grand Rapids. It has been suggested that the Hopewell mound builders were of Sioux origin.  The Oto Sioux had been the dominate mound building culture whose burial mounds and earthworks extend as far south as southwest Indiana. Discover some of the oldest burial mounds in the Midwest in Michigan www.nephilimgiants.net : Maritime Archaic Burial Mounds in Newaygo County, Michigan Could Date as Early as 2,500 B.C.

Another view if the reconstructed Hopewell burial mounds in downtown Grand Rapids, Michigan.

Get Directions to the Hopewell Burial Mounds in Michigan

Oldest Burial Mounds in the Midwest in Newaygo County, Michigan Could Date as Early as 3,000 B.C.

More burial mounds in Michigan. These burial mounds could be the oldest in the Midwest www.nephilimgiants.net : Visiting the Cass County, Michigan Giant's Burial Mound

    Two conical burial mounds are still visible in Newaygo County, Michigan despite being partially destroyed by university archaeologists. Charm stones, gouges, bone harpoons and copper implements were found within this mound along with a child buried with a dog.  Implements and burial types are associated with the earlier pre-woodland Archaic Cultures.  Similar artifacts and burials are associated with the Maritime Archaic. That could easily date them 3,000 B.C. or earlier.  The Brewerton phase was formulated by William Ritchie in the 1930s dating as early as 3,000 B.C. According to Ritchie the distribution was chiefly N.Y. and southern Ontario. Evidence presented here proves that the Brewerton were further south and west than Ritchie believed. Associated with the Brewerton are winged bannerstones, polished gouges, adzes, celts, slate arrows and spears, plummets, bone awls gouges, mullers and shallow mortars. They also had contact with the “Copper Culture” and many times copper weapons are found within their burials. Cremations in sub-surface burial pits or skeletons placed in a sitting or spoked position was the most common type of burials, sometimes dogs also accompany the dead.

      In a paper called “Prehistoric Man on Martha’s Vineyard,” by James B. Richardson III, he reported a dog in a pit burial that was filled with shells and also included Brewerton points in adjoining shell mounds. This shows that there is an amount of gray area in classifying a site as a Laurentian Shell Mound or a Brewerton bu

Another burial mound at the site that has been partially destroyed by University of Michigan archaeologists.

 

A Gigantic Human Skeleton is Presented to a Lenawee County, Michigan Schoolhouse

Skull shown is a recreation.

Weekly Expositor, (Brockway Centre, Michigan) December 11, 1884
   The school at Sleepy Hollow, Lenawee County, has been presented with a gigantic Indian skeleton that was unearthed in a sitting posture near Hudson.

  

Oldest Burial Mound in Michigan Belongs to the Maritime Archaic Dating as Early as 2500 B.C.

     The Brewerton phase was formulated by William Ritchie in the 1930s dating as early as 3,000 B.C. According to Ritchie the distribution was chiefly N.Y. and southern Ontario. Evidence presented here proves that the Brewerton were further south and west than Ritchie believed. Associated with the Brewerton are winged bannerstones, polished gouges, adzes, celts, slate arrows and spears, plummets, bone awls gouges, mullers and shallow mortars. They also had contact with the “Copper Culture” and many times copper weapons are found within their burials. Cremations in sub-surface burial pits or skeletons placed in a sitting or spoked position was the most common type of burials, sometimes dogs also accompany the dead.

      In a paper called “Prehistoric Man on Martha’s Vineyard,” by James B. Richardson III, he reported a dog in a pit burial that was filled with shells and also included Brewerton points in adjoining shell mounds. This shows that there is an amount of gray area in classifying a site as a Laurentian Shell Mound or a Brewerton burial. For more on this site . Another burial mound  in Michigan found here www.nephilimgiants.net : Newaygo County, Michigan Oto Sioux Hopewell Burial Mound

Maritime Archaic burial mound at Croton Dam in Newaygo County, Michigan. In these mounds were found subsurface cremations, copper spear-points, stemmed points, copper beads, beaver incisors, stone drills, copper needles, red ochre, fire kits, and a childs burial that was accompanied by a dog. Burial traits and artifacts resemble the Maritime Archaic more than the Woodland period. More photos of Michigan burial mounds  

 

Newaygo County, Michigan Oto Sioux Hopewell Burial Mound

Burial mound photographed near White Cloud, Michigan    Another mound site in Michigan that could date to 2,000 B.C. Adena Hopewell Mound Builders in the Ohio Valley: Point Peninsula Iroquois Burial Mounds in Newaygo County, Michigan: May Be the Great Lakes Oldest . Giant skeleton found in Kalamazoo Michigan www.nephilimgiants.net : 7 and 8 Foot Ancient Skeletons Discovered in a Burial Mound Near Kalamazoo, Michigan

 7- and 8-Foot Ancient Skeletons Discovered in a Burial Mound Near Kalamazoo, Michigan

Burial Mound, located in Michigan in a Park within the city of Kalamazoo. Dr. measures a skeleton at 11 feet in Michigan: more here www.nephilimgiants.net : Dr. Measures Skeleton from Michigan Burial Mound at 11 Feet

Dr

Weekly Kansas Chief, October 29, 1874  
     Last fall, while a Mr. Cartwright was breaking up a new piece of land for wheat and was plowing over an old mound, his plow cut off the skulls of seven skeletons. Mr. Cartwright was considerably startled by the ghastly sight of twelve skulls rolling all at once in the furrow but proceeded to an investigation, when twenty-two skeletons were found, sitting upright, face to face in a circle. A number of arrowheads, stone pipes and hatchets were found with the skeletons; also a silver breast plate covered with curious inscriptions. This plate was sold to a young man for $10, who has since moved away, and our archaeologists are now endeavoring to get trace of it, as they expect it will reveal something interesting to them.

The most remarkable part of the discovery was the size of the skeletons. They were giants and averaged from seven to eight feet in height. The lower jaw of any of them could be fitted with the greatest ease over a man's face. The teeth were perfectly preserved and very large. The bones were again buried by Mr. C., a party of antiquarians from this city, will visit his farm as soon as the wheat is out, and exhume them and also penetrate another similar mound adjacent. Old settlers say that when they came into the country, the Indians although they had a burial place nearby, had no knowledge of these old mounds and said that they were built before the recollection of their forefathers. Archaeologists are much interested in this important discovery and expect to find the skeletons to be the remains of the mound builders.

 Dr. Measures Skeleton from Michigan Burial Mound at 11 Feet 

Bruce Herald, March 19,  1899
PREHISTORIC MEN
Eleven Feet High
      The mounds on the south side of Crystal  Lake in Montcalm County, Michigan have been opened and a prehistoric race unearthed.  One contained five skeletons and the other three.  In the first mound was an earthen tablet, five inches long, four wide and a half an inch thick.  It  was divided into four quarters.  On one of them were inscribed queer characters.  The skeletons were arranged in the same relative positions, so far as the mound is concerned.  In  the other mound there was a casket of earthenware, 10- 1/2 inches long and 3 1/2 inches wide.  The cover bore various inscriptions.  The characters found upon the tablet were also prominent upon the casket.  Upon opening the casket a copper coin was revealed, together with other types, which the inscription or marks upon the tablet and casket had evidently been made.  Seven- and Eight-foot skeletons discovered in Michigan www.nephilimgiants.net : 7 and 8 Foot Ancient Skeletons Discovered in a Burial Mound Near Kalamazoo, Michigan
    Some of the bones of the skeletons were well preserved, showing that the dead men must have been persons of huge proportions.  The lower jaw is immense.  An ordinary jawbone fits inside with ease.  By measurement the distance from the top of the skull to the upper end of the thigh bone of the large skeleton was five feet, five inches.  A doctor who was present state that the man must have been eleven feet high.  One of the mounds was partially covered by a pine stump, three feet six inches in diameter, and the ground showed no signs of ever having been disturbed.  The digging had to be done among the roots, which had a large spread.